SPATIAL TACTILE BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACE PARADIGM APPLYING VIBRATION STIMULI TO LARGE AREAS OF USER’S BACK
This paper discusses a new type of brain-computer interface that helps people with severe disabilities communicate by using vibrations on their back.
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- 1 These requirements will determine the major lines of study for future research.
- 2 The psychophysical experiment results are summarized in the form of a confusion matrix depicted in Figure 2 , where the behavioural response accuracies to instructed targets and marginal errors are depicted together with noresponse errors, which were not observed with the users participating in our experiments.
- 3 The EEG experiment results are summarized in Figures 3 and 4 in the form of grand mean averaged ERPs and classification accuracies.
- 4 This paper reports results obtained with a novel six-command-based btBCI prototype developed and evaluated in experiments with seven BCI-naive users.
Introduction
Recently, vibrotactile-based somatosensory modality BCIs have gained in popularity [MMS + 13, HGA + 14]. We propose an alternative tactile BCI which uses P300 brain responses to a somatosensory stimulation delivered to larger areas of the user’s back [Kod14] , defined as a backtactile BCI (btBCI).
The stimulated back areas are both shoulders, the waist and the hips.
In order to do so, we utilize a haptic gaming pad “ZEUS VYBE” by Disney & Comfort Research.
Methodology
We conduct experiments by applying vibration stimuli to the user’s back, which allows us to stimulate places at larger distances on the body. The psychophysical experiments were conducted to investigate the recognition accuracy and response times to the stimuli delivered from the gaming pad.
Study Design
In the psychophysical experiment, each single trial was comprised of a randomly presented single target and five non-target vibrotactile stimuli (120-targets and 600-non-targets in a single session).
The EEG signals were captured and classified by BCI2000 software [SM10] using a stepwise linear discriminant analysis (SWLDA) classifier [KSC + 06].
Results & Findings
Next the experiment results are discussed. In this section, we report and discuss the results of the psychophysical and btBCI EEG experiments conducted with seven healthy users.
- Next the experiment results are discussed.
- In this section, we report and discuss the results of the psychophysical and btBCI EEG experiments conducted with seven healthy users.
- The psychophysical experiment results are summarized in the form of a confusion matrix depicted in Figure 2 , where the behavioural response accuracies to instructed targets.
- The EEG experiment results are summarized in Figures 3 and 4 in the form of grand mean averaged ERPs and classification accuracies.
- The SWLDA classification results in online btBCI experiments of six digit spelling are shown in Figure 4, depicting each user’s averaged scores in a range of.
The psychophysical experiment results are summarized in the form of a confusion matrix depicted in Figure 2 , where the behavioural response accuracies to instructed targets and marginal errors are depicted together with noresponse errors, which were not observed with.
The EEG experiment results are summarized in Figures 3 and 4 in the form of grand mean averaged ERPs and classification accuracies.
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Practical Applications
The reason for using the horizontal position of the gaming pad, developed for a seated setting, is that bedridden users could easily utilize it and it could also serve as a muscle massage preventing the formation of bedsores. However, even in its current form, the proposed btBCI can be regarded as a possible alternative solution for locked-in syndrome patients, who cannot use vision or auditory based interfaces due to sensory.
However, even in its current form, the proposed btBCI can be regarded as a possible alternative solution for locked-in syndrome patients, who cannot use vision or auditory based interfaces due to sensory or other disabilities.
The reason for using the horizontal position of the gaming pad, developed for a seated setting, is that bedridden users could easily utilize it and it could also serve as a muscle massage preventing the formation of bedsores.
Figures Explained
The paper’s visual material highlights the workflow and the main system components.
- Figure 1: A btBCI user lying on the gaming pad during experiments.. Illustrates the experimental setup and user interaction with the btBCI.
- Figure 2: Confusion matrix of the psychophysical responses.. Summarizes the behavioral response accuracies and errors in the psychophysical experiments.
- Figure 3: Grand mean averaged ERPs from EEG data.. Displays the P300 responses indicating the effectiveness of the stimuli.
- Figure 4: SWLDA classification results in online btBCI experiments.. Shows classification accuracies for six-digit spelling tasks, highlighting user performance.
Conclusions
The conclusions highlight the effectiveness of the btBCI prototype for six-command applications and the need for further enhancements. The study suggests that the btBCI could serve as an alternative for locked-in syndrome patients, despite current limitations in interfacing rates.
Frequently Asked Questions
In the experiments reported in this paper, the users lay down on the gaming pad and interacted with tactile stimulus patterns delivered in an oddball-style paradigm to their backs, as shown in Figure 1 . The stimulus duration was set to 300.
The psychophysical experiments were conducted to investigate the recognition accuracy and response times to the stimuli delivered from the gaming pad. In the psychophysical experiment, each single trial was comprised of a randomly presented single target and five non-target vibrotactile stimuli (120-targets.
The psychophysical experiment results are summarized in the form of a confusion matrix depicted in Figure 2 , where the behavioural response accuracies to instructed targets and marginal errors are depicted together with noresponse errors, which were not observed with the users.
The reason for using the horizontal position of the gaming pad, developed for a seated setting, is that bedridden users could easily utilize it and it could also serve as a muscle massage preventing the formation of bedsores. However, even in its.
However, even in its current form, the proposed btBCI can be regarded as a possible alternative solution for locked-in syndrome patients, who cannot use vision or auditory based interfaces due to sensory or other disabilities.
This paper discusses a new type of brain-computer interface that helps people with severe disabilities communicate by using vibrations on their back.